What is Varicocele?

Varicocele is a condition where the veins inside the scrotum (pampiniform plexus) become enlarged and twisted, similar to varicose veins in the legs. It is a common cause of male infertility and may lead to pain, testicular shrinkage, and discomfort. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications.

Varicocele occurs due to faulty valves in the veins, leading to blood pooling and increased pressure. Some contributing factors include:

  • Defective vein valves – Causes backflow of blood and vein enlargement.
  • Anatomical variations – Some men are more prone due to vein structure.
  • Increased abdominal pressure – Heavy lifting, straining, or prolonged standing can worsen varicocele.
  • Genetic predisposition – Family history may increase risk.
  • Swelling or lump in the scrotum
  • Dull, aching pain in the testicles, especially after standing for long periods
  • Visible enlarged veins, resembling a bag of worms
  • Heaviness in the scrotum
  • Testicular atrophy (shrinkage)
  • Reduced sperm quality, leading to infertility

  • Infertility – Increased testicular temperature affects sperm production and quality.
  • Hormonal Imbalance – Lower testosterone levels may impact overall health.
  • Testicular Atrophy – Long-term damage can lead to reduced testicle size.
  • Chronic Discomfort – Persistent pain can affect daily activities.

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